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Tattoo History - "Ci Shen/Wen Shen/Ci Qing"
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19 Aug '03 -
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Oke, en nu allemaal in koor: 1, 2 ........ Dreadloki en Haida's Dinsdag Tatoeagedag!
Da's nog eens een mond vol, niet? En mocht u nu het idee hebben dat de bodem van ons vat vol onderwerpen inmiddels in zicht moet zijn; u heeft volkomen gelijk! Maarrr .... voorlopig kunnen wij u nog wel vermaken met het één en ander. Suggesties? Grrrrraag in de reacties, alsmede de eventuele laatste aanmeldingen voor de Vandaag bestoken wij u met allerlei weetjes over de chinese tatoeage-kunst. Daar horen uiteraard mooie plaatjes bij.
History
Tattoo is called "Ci Shen" in Chinese. The term means literally "puncture the body". tattoo has been known and practised in China for many years. But it was never considered to be something artistic, desirable, or even acceptable. A commonly held notion is that one's body is a precious gift from the parent and therefore should never be abused or defaced by a tattoo.Many years ago, when a court finds a person guilty of a severe crime, it may order a tattoo be placed on his face, and bannishes him to a far-way place for a number of years. The tattoo on the face permantly marks the person as a criminal. The two-prone punishment is called "ci pei" (tattoo/exile). In the present, tattoo are more likely to be used by members of the underground criminal society than ordinary citizens.
The most famous tattoo in Chinese history
Yueh Fei was a famous general in the South Song Dynystry. When he served under a Field Marshal defending the enemy from the North, The Field Marshal went over to the enemy. Disgusted, Yueh Fei resigned and returned home to care for his mother.
His mother was displeased, and lectured him that a soldier's first duty is loyalty to his country. To be sure that the admonition will never be forgoetten, she tattooed the words on his back! Yueh Fei went back and led another army to defend the country.
The first word, from the left, means the most, the ultimate.
The second word means loyalty.
The third word means to serve.
The fourth word means country.
Tattoo in Chinese Minorities
The Chinese Drung and Dai minorities have tattoo customs inherited from their ancestors.
Among the Drung ethnic minority, women have tattoos on their faces. In the past, girls were tattooed when they turned 12 or 13 as a symbol of maturity. First, an old woman would dip a bamboo slip into sooty water and draw on the girl's face, then beat a thorn into the skin with a small stick in the designed area, and fill the pricked spots with soot. When scabs formed, a dark blue design was left on the face, The tattoo was drawn between the two eyebrows and around the mouth in diamond shape and on the cheek with dots, forming a flying butterfly design. This form of tattooing is popular in the upper reaches of the Drung River. Along the lower reaches, the tattoos are simpler, with two or three lines on the lower jaw. The Drung minority tattoo originated from the late Ming Dynasty about 350 years ago. At that time, the Drung people were usually attacked by other ethnic groups, and women were captured as slaves. To avoid being raped, the Drung women tattooed their faces to make themselves less attractive and, thus, protect themselves. It was a tragedy. Though the Drung women are not threatened by other minorities now, they retain their tattoo custom, and it has become a symbol of maturity for Drung women. Tattooing is also an ancient custom of the Dai people, and can still be found in some remote villages in the Dai inhabited area or among some old Dai people. Both men and women were tattooed according to the Dai custom, men on the strong muscles and women on the back of hand, arm or between the eyebrows. In old times, the Dai Children had designs pricked into their skin when they were 5 or 6, for it was said to be the best age. Later, they were tattooed at 14 or 15 as a symbol of reaching maturity. There are no fixed designs in Dai tattoo, most preferring tiger or dragon designs drawn in black with black plant juice. The Dai people have a long tattoo history. In ancient times, they lived by the river and were often hit by strange monsters. Later they discovered that a black skin could keep the monster away, and they began to tattoo themselves in this way to prevent attacks. As time went on, tattooing lost its original function and has become a symbol of the boldness and bravery of men and the beauty of women. Now, tattoos are drawn on the back of the hands in octagonal flower design, and a dot is tattooed between the eyebrows of girls, symbolizing their beauty. With these tattoos, the Dai people can easily recognize their ethnic friends even when they are not wearing their minority costums.
Taal/Kanji
Eén van de meest aantrekkelijke aspecten van de Chinese tatoeage-kunst (naast de draken-tatoeage) is toch wel het gebruik van de karakters. En hier schuilt meteen het meeste gevaar in. Want als men zoekt op 'kanji', wat letterlijk staat voor karakter, teken of ideogram, vindt men een hoop tekens. Dus wat is nu wat? Is het een 'Japans letterteken' of een uit het Chinees overgenomen karakter? Volgens de onderstaande tekst is het dus beide :
De Japanse taal kende tot ong. 400 n. Chr. geen schrifttekens. Een dergelijke cultuur wordt wel een 'orale cultuur' genoemd. Door de contacten die de Japanners met China hadden was het Chinese schrift het eerste schrift dat men zag en leek het logisch om dit karakterschrift over te nemen, te meer daar men ook zeer gecharmeerd was van de hoog ontwikkelde Chinese cultuur. De overgenomen karaktertekens noemde men "kanji". Dit zijn dus de tekens die het Japanse schrift op het Chinees doen lijken.
"Kanji" betekent "schrifttekens van Han" en slaat waarschijnlijk op de "Han-dynastie" in China (206 v.C.tot 220 n.C.) Mogelijk hebben de Japanners in die periode voor het eerst kennis gemaakt met dit schrift.
Concluderend, het is moeilijk na te gaan wat exact Chinees of Japans is als men op 'kanji' zoekt. En dat resulteert weer in een aantal vermakelijke anekdotes :
(...)
so, basically i got a tatto that says white? and the first character is nothing..
eek
that really sucks
thank you for your help!
(ps - it was suposed to mean 'naughty')
(...)
(...)
A TEENAGER who paid £90 to have his arm tattoed with Chinese characters got a shock when he learned the message read: 'At the end of the day, this is an ugly boy.'
(...)
(...)
A.J. McLean of the man-band Backstreet Boys proudly displayed his fresh ink after leaving a popular LA tattoo parlor. "Check it out," said the very excited singer as he pointed to the characters on his left forearm. "My man just hooked me up with some mad asian ink! He says it means wise wolf that guards the pack. That’s totally me dawg I take care of my boys. Cool dat!"
Upon further investigation, the characters were found to actaully mean dog ass.
(Ik prefereer kleine piemels?)
"Listen, these Hollywood hotshots come in here every night wanting something foreign and deep. I only know how to do about twenty Chinese characters and I have no idea what they mean. But who the hell cares? They just look neat. I make up meanings like precious gem floating in pond. Dumb chicks hopped up on ex really go for that one," said burly ex-marine tattoo artist Jake McNaughton with a hearty laugh.
Beijing tattoo artist Johnny Chang echoed the sentiments of his American counterpart, "Kids are stupid. Funny nonsense tattoos make me laugh ha ha. I take letters from American soda cans and candy wrappers and rearrange them into words. GWIPO is my number one favorite. TWARP is also pretty lucky good!"
(....)
Dus wees gewaarschuwd indien u een kanji-tatoeage overweegt!
Galleries!
http://www.cgke.com/web/dzy/zpxs.htm
http://www.cgke.com/web/dzy/lyb/
http://www.orientalglamour.com/chinese%20tattoo.htm
http://www.ringleader.com.cn/tattoo/tribal1.htm
http://www.johnlongtattoo.com/english/case_bl.php
http://www.johnlongtattoo.com/english/case_gxta.php
http://www.johnlongtattoo.com/english/case_chuantong.php (TIP!)
http://netcity2.web.hinet.net/UserData/jannyuan/
http://www.chinatattoo.com/zuopin.htm (+bodypaint, beetje NSFW)
http://www.51wenshen.com/tuan.htm (niet klikbaar)
http://www.lechinois.com/tattoo/tattoodragon01.html
Characters
http://www.transname.com/character.html
http://www.greendragonarts.com/tattoo/tattoo_page2.htm
http://www.logoi.com/symbols/designs.html
http://www.lechinois.com/tattoo/tattooyou02.html
http://www.lechinois.com/tattoo/tattooperma01.html
http://www.lechinois.com/tattoo/tattooperma02.html
http://www.bmezine.com/tattoo/kanji10.html
http://www.easternheritage.com/freechinesenames/dir1/TttooforWom_mn.htm
Technique
http://www.ynet.com/bjtoday/053/53%5ED0517E0913.htm
http://www.chinanow.com/english/beijing/city/features/tattoo.html
Taal
http://www.uchiyama.demon.nl/ngtaal.htm
History
http://www.chinavista.com/experience/tattoo/tattoo.html
http://china.tyfo.com/int/art/others/tattoo.htm
www.china-fpa.org/hpa2000/2000a/e-index3-t.htm
http://test.china.org.cn/english/2002/Aug/39799.htm
http://www.chsource.org/Gaoshan.htm
http://www.chinapage.com/tattoo.html
http://international.tamu.edu/ipa/english/banna/folk/fol407.html
Tattoolog!
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